NihongoDoya

The Complete Guide to JLPT N3 Kanji (N3漢字)

The JLPT N3 Kanji syllabus represents the bridge between elementary and advanced Japanese literacy. Transitioning to N3 means you will expand your visual vocabulary by 341 unique characters, bringing your cumulative kanji target to exactly 625 characters (comprising N5, N4, and N3). At this stage of your language journey, study moves away from simple physical items and routine actions to abstract concepts, public systems, technical modifiers, and emotions. Mastering N3 Kanji is the key to comfortable, independent reading of daily Japanese news columns, intermediate blog posts, and official announcements.

1. Semantic-Phonetic Compounds (Keisei Moji) in N3

As you study N3 Kanji, you will discover that memorization becomes easier if you understand how characters are constructed. Over 80% of Japanese Kanji belong to a category called semantic-phonetic compounds (形声文字 - Keisei Moji). These characters are divided into two distinct components: one part provides the general category of meaning (the semantic radical), while the other part indicates its On'yomi reading (the phonetic component).

For example, consider the character for "ocean" or "sea" (洋 - read as you). On the left, we see the three-stroke water radical (氵), indicating it relates to water. On the right, we see the character for "sheep" (羊), which is read as you. The right side is not there because of sheep; it is there purely to indicate the On'yomi reading of the character is you. By identifying these phonetic templates, you can instantly guess the On'yomi readings of dozens of intermediate Kanji.

2. The Importance of Intermediate Prefixes and Suffixes

At the N3 level, Kanji characters are heavily used as prefixes or suffixes to build compound terms. This is a highly efficient way for Japanese to generate specialized nouns or modifiers. By learning these grammatical components, you can decipher new vocabulary words even if you have never seen the compound before.

Here are the most common N3 prefixes and suffixes you should study:

  • 〜化 (ka - suffix for change): Functions like the English suffix "-ification" or "to turn into". Examples: 変化 (henka - change), 温暖化 (ondanka - global warming), and 文化 (bunka - culture).
  • 〜性 (sei - suffix for quality/nature): Functions like the English suffix "-ity" or "-ness". Examples: 可能性 (kanousei - possibility), 安全性 (anzensei - safety), and 必要性 (hitsuyousei - necessity).
  • 〜的 (teki - suffix for state): Turns nouns into adjectives, similar to "-al" or "-ish" in English. Examples: 社会的 (shakaiteki - social/societal), 具体的 (gutaiteki - concrete/specific), and 個性的 (koseiteki - individual/unique).
  • 最〜 (sai - prefix for extreme): Means "most" or "first". Examples: 最近 (saikin - recently), 最高 (saikou - highest/best), and 最悪 (saiaku - worst).

3. Managing Homophones: The "Same Sound" Trap

A major challenge when stepping up to N3 is the massive volume of homophones—different Kanji characters that share the exact same On'yomi pronunciation. For instance, the sound kou can correspond to 校 (school), 港 (harbor), 向 (opposite), 好 (like), 降 (descend), and 航 (navigation).

To prevent confusion, study Kanji in semantic families or thematic clusters rather than alphabetically or by stroke count. For example, group transportation terms together: 港 (harbor), 航 (navigation), and 船 (ship). By anchoring similar-sounding characters to distinct contextual contexts, your brain creates separate neural pathways, allowing you to select the correct Kanji instantly when writing or typing in context.

4. Reorganizing the 341 N3 Kanji by Topic

Structure your N3 Kanji studies by grouping them into these four core themes:

  • Academic & Intellectual: Verbs and nouns of study like 研 (research), 究 (study), 質 (quality/query), 問 (question), 意 (intent), 味 (meaning), and 説 (theory/explain).
  • Daily Infrastructure & Society: Public markers like 鉄 (iron/railway), 線 (line), 局 (bureau/office), 役 (service/role), 所 (place), 市 (city), and 都 (metropolis).
  • Science, Math & Technology: Analytical terms like 科 (department/science), 数 (number), 機 (machine/opportunity), 算 (calculate), and 術 (art/technique).
  • Human Emotions & Internal States: Abstract modifiers like 確 (certain), 信 (trust/believe), 認 (recognize), 悲 (sad), and 喜 (rejoice).

5. Recommended Study Plan for N3 Kanji

To acquire these 341 characters efficiently, we recommend a pace of 7 characters per day. For each Kanji card, study the five vocabulary compounds provided in our grid above. Write down the compound, its reading, and its English meaning. For example, when studying 研, write out and practice compounds like 研究 (research), 研究者 (researcher), and 研修 (training). This contextual practice is the single most effective way to lock the readings and definitions in your memory.

6. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q: How does N3 Kanji help with the Reading section of the N3 exam?

A: The N3 Reading section features long columns of text with minimal furigana. Knowing these 341 characters allows you to read sentences smoothly without stumbling over phonetic pronunciations, directly saving you valuable exam time.

Q: Can I read standard Japanese newspapers with N3 Kanji?

A: While newspapers require N2/N1 levels (approx. 2,000 characters) for full comprehension, knowing N3 Kanji is sufficient to read simplified daily news services (like NHK News Web Easy) and intermediate blog posts.

About this kanji data

The kanji readings, stroke counts and English meanings on this page are compiled from open, freely-licensed Japanese dictionary databases (including the EDRDG KANJIDIC2 and JMdict projects, used under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike licence). The level groupings, example words, study tips and explanations are our own, written and organised by the site owner to help you learn each character in context.

JLPT N3 kanji quick-reference list (341 kanji)

Every JLPT N3 kanji with its readings and English meaning. Use the interactive grid above for example words, search and audio — or open the groups below for a printable-style reference.

Kanji 1–100
KanjiReadingsMeaning
与よ・あたえる・あずかる・くみするbestow, participate in, give
両りょう・てる・ふたつboth, old japanese coin, counter for carriages (e.g., in a train)
予よ・しゃ・あらかじめbeforehand, previous, myself
争そう・あらそう・いかでかcontend, dispute, argue
互ご・たがい・かたみにmutually, reciprocally, together
亡ぼう・もう・ない・なきdeceased, the late, dying
交こう・まじわる・まじえる・まじるmingle, mixing, association
他た・ほかother, another, the others
付ふ・つける・づける・つけadhere, attach, refer to
件けん・くだんaffair, case, matter
任にん・まかせる・まかすresponsibility, duty, term
伝でん・てん・つたわる・つたえるtransmit, go along, walk along
似じ・にる・ひるbecoming, resemble, counterfeit
位い・くらい・ぐらいrank, grade, throne
余よ・あまる・あまり・あますtoo much, myself, surplus
例れい・たとえるexample, custom, usage
供きょう・く・くう・ぐsubmit, offer, present
係けい・かかる・かかり・がかりperson in charge, connection, duty
信しんfaith, truth, fidelity
倒とう・たおれる・だおれ・たおすoverthrow, fall, collapse
候こう・そうろうclimate, season, weather
値ち・ね・あたいprice, cost, value
偉い・えらいadmirable, greatness, remarkable
側そく・かわ・がわ・そばside, lean, oppose
偶ぐう・たまaccidentally, even number, couple
備び・そなえる・そなわる・つぶさにequip, provision, preparation
優ゆう・う・やさしい・すぐれるtenderness, excel, surpass
全ぜん・まったく・すべてwhole, entire, all
共きょう・とも・ともに・どもtogether, both, neither
具ぐ・そなえる・つぶさにtool, utensil, means
内ない・だい・うちinside, within, between
冷れい・つめたい・ひえる・ひやcool, cold (beer, person), chill
処しょ・ところ・こ・おるdispose, manage, deal with
列れつ・れfile, row, rank
初しょ・はじめ・はじめて・はつfirst time, beginning
判はん・ばん・わかるjudgement, signature, stamp
利り・きくprofit, advantage, benefit
到とう・いたるarrival, proceed, reach
制せいsystem, law, rule
刻こく・きざむ・きざみengrave, cut fine, chop
割かつ・わる・わり・われるproportion, comparatively, divide
加か・くわえる・くわわるadd, addition, increase
助じょ・たすける・たすかる・すけるhelp, rescue, assist
努ど・つとめるtoil, diligent, as much as possible
労ろう・ろうする・いたわる・いたずきlabor, thank for, reward for
務む・つとめるtask, duties
勝しょう・かつ・がち・まさるvictory, win, prevail
勤きん・ごん・つとめる・づとめdiligence, become employed, serve
化か・け・ばける・ばかすchange, take the form of, influence
単たん・ひとえsimple, one, single
危き・あぶない・あやうい・あやぶむdangerous, fear, uneasy
原げん・はらmeadow, original, primitive
参さん・しん・まいる・まいnonplussed, three (in documents), going
反はん・ほん・たん・ほanti-
収しゅう・おさめる・おさまるincome, obtain, reap
取しゅ・とる・とり・どりtake, fetch, take up
受じゅ・うける・うけ・うかるaccept, undergo, answer (phone)
号ごう・さけぶ・よびなnickname, number, item
向こう・むく・むい・むきyonder, facing, beyond
君くん・きみ・ぎみmister, you, ruler
否ひ・いな・いやnegate, no, noes
吸きゅう・すうsuck, imbibe, inhale
吹すい・ふくblow, breathe, puff
告こく・つげるrevelation, tell, inform
呼こ・よぶcall, call out to, invite
命めい・みょう・いのちfate, command, decree
和わ・お・か・やわらぐharmony, japanese style, peace
商しょう・あきなうmake a deal, selling, dealing in
喜き・よろこぶ・よろこばすrejoice, take pleasure in
因いん・よる・ちなむcause, factor, be associated with
困こん・こまるquandary, become distressed, annoyed
園えん・そのpark, garden, yard
在ざい・あるexist, outskirts, suburbs
報ほう・むくいるreport, news, reward
増ぞう・ます・まし・ふえるincrease, add, augment
変へん・かわる・かわり・かえるunusual, change, strange
夢む・ぼう・ゆめ・ゆめみるdream, vision, illusion
夫ふ・ふう・ぶ・おっとhusband, man
失しつ・うしなう・うせるlose, error, fault
妻さい・つまwife, spouse
娘じょう・むすめ・こdaughter, girl
婚こんmarriage
婦ふ・よめlady, woman, wife
存そん・ぞん・ながらえる・あるexist, suppose, be aware of
宅たくhome, house, residence
守しゅ・す・まもる・まもりguard, protect, defend
完かんperfect, completion, end
官かんbureaucrat, the government, organ
定てい・じょう・さだめる・さだまるdetermine, fix, establish
実じつ・しつ・み・みのるreality, truth
客きゃく・かくguest, visitor, customer
害がいharm, injury
容よう・いれるcontain, form, looks
宿しゅく・やど・やどる・やどすinn, lodging, relay station
寄き・よる・より・よせるdraw near, stop in, bring near
富ふ・ふう・とむ・とみwealth, enrich, abundant
寝しん・ねる・ねかす・いぬlie down, sleep, rest
察さつguess, presume, surmise
対たい・つい・あいて・こたえるvis-a-vis, opposite, even
局きょく・つぼねbureau, board, office
Kanji 101–200
KanjiReadingsMeaning
居きょ・こ・いる・いreside, to be, exist
差さ・さす・さしdistinction, difference, variation
師し・いくさexpert, teacher, master
席せき・むしろseat, mat, occasion
常じょう・つね・とこusual, ordinary, normal
平へい・びょう・ひょう・たいらeven, flat, peace
幸こう・さいわい・さち・しあわせhappiness, blessing, fortune
幾き・いく・いくつ・いくらhow many, how much, how far
座ざ・すわるsquat, seat, cushion
庭てい・にわcourtyard, garden, yard
式しきstyle, ceremony, rite
当とう・あたる・あたり・あてるhit, right, appropriate
形けい・ぎょう・かた・がたshape, form, style
役やく・えきduty, war, campaign
彼ひ・かれ・かのhe, that, the
徒と・いたずら・あだon foot, junior, emptiness
得とく・える・うるgain, get, find
御ぎょ・ご・おん・おhonorable, manipulate, govern
必ひつ・かならずinvariably, certain, inevitable
忘ぼう・わすれるforget
忙ぼう・もう・いそがしい・せわしいbusy, occupied, restless
念ねんwish, sense, idea
怒ど・ぬ・いかる・おこるangry, be offended
怖ふ・ほ・こわい・こわがるdreadful, be frightened, fearful
性せい・しょう・さがsex, gender, nature
恐きょう・おそれる・おそる・おそろしいfear, dread, awe
恥ち・はじる・はじ・はじらうshame, dishonor
息そく・いきbreath, respiration, son
悲ひ・かなしい・かなしむgrieve, sad, deplore
情じょう・せい・なさけfeelings, emotion, passion
想そう・そ・おもうconcept, think, idea
愛あい・いとしい・かなしい・めでるlove, affection, favourite
感かんemotion, feeling, sensation
慣かん・なれる・ならすaccustomed, get used to, become experienced
成せい・じょう・なる・なすturn into, become, get
戦せん・いくさ・たたかう・おののくwar, battle, match
戻れい・もどす・もどるre-, return, revert
才さいgenius, years old, cubic shaku
打だ・だあす・うつ・うちstrike, hit, knock
払ふつ・ひつ・ほつ・はらうpay, clear out, prune
投とう・なげる・なげthrow, discard, abandon
折せつ・しゃく・おる・おりfold, break, fracture
抜ばつ・はつ・はい・ぬくslip out, extract, pull out
抱ほう・だく・いだく・かかえるembrace, hug, hold in arms
押おう・おす・おし・おっpush, stop, check
招しょう・まねくbeckon, invite, summon
指し・ゆび・さす・さしfinger, point to, indicate
捕ほ・とらえる・とらわれる・とるcatch, capture
掛かい・けい・かける・かけhang, suspend, depend
探たん・さぐる・さがすgrope, search, look for
支し・ささえる・つかえる・かうbranch, support, sustain
放ほう・はなす・っぱなし・はなつset free, release, fire
政せい・しょう・まつりごと・まんpolitics, government
敗はい・やぶれるfailure, defeat, reversal
散さん・ちる・ちらす・ちらかすscatter, disperse, spend
数すう・す・さく・そくnumber, strength, fate
断だん・たつ・ことわる・さだめるseverance, decline, refuse
易えき・い・やさしい・やすいeasy, ready to, simple
昔せき・しゃく・むかしonce upon a time, antiquity, old times
昨さくyesterday, previous
晩ばんnightfall, night
景けいscenery, view
晴せい・はれる・はれ・ばれclear up
暮ボ・く.らす・く.れるevening, livelihood, make a living
曲きょく・まがる・まげる・くまbend, music, melody
更こう・さら・さらに・ふけるgrow late, night watch, sit up late
最さい・しゅ・もっとも・つまutmost, most, extreme
望ぼう・もう・のぞむ・もちambition, full moon, hope
期き・ごperiod, time, date
未み・び・いまだ・まだun-, not yet, hitherto
末まつ・ばつ・すえend, close, tip
束そく・たば・たばねる・つかbundle, sheaf, ream
杯はい・さかずきcounter for cupfuls, wine glass, glass
果か・はたす・はてる・はてfruit, reward, carry out
格かく・こう・きゃく・ごうstatus, rank, capacity
構こう・かまえる・かまうposture, build, pretend
様よう・しょう・さま・さんesq., way, manner
権けん・ごん・おもり・かりauthority, power, rights
横おう・よこsideways, side, horizontal
機き・はたloom, mechanism, machine
欠けつ・けん・かける・かくlack, gap, fail
次じ・し・つぐ・つぎnext, order, sequence
欲よく・ほっする・ほしいlonging, covetousness, greed
歯し・よわい・は・よわいするtooth, cog
歳さい・せい・とし・とせyear-end, age, occasion
残ざん・さん・のこる・のこすremainder, leftover, balance
段だん・たんgrade, steps, stairs
殺さつ・さい・せつ・ころすkill, murder, butcher
求きゅう・ぐ・もとめるrequest, want, wish for
決けつ・きめる・ぎめ・きまるdecide, fix, agree upon
治じ・ち・おさめる・おさまるreign, be at peace, calm down
法ほう・はっ・ほっ・ふらんmethod, law, rule
泳えい・およぐswim
活かつ・いきる・いかす・いけるlively, resuscitation, being helped
流りゅう・る・ながれる・ながれcurrent, a sink, flow
浮ふ・うく・うかれる・うかぶfloating, float, rise to surface
消しょう・きえる・けすextinguish, blow out, turn off
深しん・ふかい・ぶかい・ふかまるdeep, heighten, intensify
済さい・せい・すむ・ずみsettle (debt, etc.), relieve (burden), finish
渡と・わたる・わたすtransit, ford, ferry
Kanji 201–300
KanjiReadingsMeaning
港こう・みなとharbor
満まん・ばん・みちる・みつfull, fullness, enough
演えんperformance, act, play
点てん・つける・つく・たてるspot, point, mark
然ぜん・ねん・しか・しかりsort of thing, so, if so
煙えん・けむる・けむり・けむいsmoke
熱ねつ・あついheat, temperature, fever
犯はん・ぼん・おかすcrime, sin, offense
状じょうstatus quo, conditions, circumstances
猫びょう・ねこcat
王おう・-のうking, rule, magnate
現げん・あらわれる・あらわす・うつつpresent, existing, actual
球きゅう・たまball, sphere
由ゆ・ゆう・ゆい・よしwherefore, a reason
申しん・もうす・もうし・さるhave the honor to, sign of the monkey, 3-5pm
留りゅう・る・とめる・とまるdetain, fasten, halt
番ばん・つがいturn, number in a series
疑ぎ・うたがうdoubt, distrust, be suspicious
疲ひ・つかれる・づかれ・つからすexhausted, tire, weary
痛つう・いたい・いたむ・いたましいpain, hurt, damage
登とう・と・どう・しょうascend, climb up
皆かい・みな・みんなall, everything
盗とう・ぬすむ・ぬすみsteal, rob, pilfer
直ちょく・じき・じか・ただちにstraightaway, honesty, frankness
相そう・しょう・あいinter-, mutual, together
眠みん・ねむる・ねむいsleep, die, sleepy
石せき・しゃく・こく・いしstone
破は・やぶる・やぶれる・われるrend, rip, tear
確かく・こう・たしか・たしかめるassurance, firm, tight
示じ・し・しめすshow, indicate, point out
礼れい・らいsalute, bow, ceremony
祖そancestor, pioneer, founder
神しん・じん・かみ・かんgods, mind, soul
福ふくblessing, fortune, luck
科かdepartment, course, section
程てい・ほどextent, degree, law
種しゅ・たね・ぐさspecies, kind, class
積せき・つむ・づみ・つもるvolume, product (x*y), acreage
突とつ・か・つくstab, protruding, thrust
窓そう・す・まど・てんまどwindow, pane
笑しょう・わらう・えむlaugh
等とう・ひとしい・など・らetc., and so forth, class (first)
箱そう・はこbox, chest, case
米べい・まい・めえとる・こめrice, usa, metre
精せい・しょう・しらげる・くわしいrefined, ghost, fairy
約やく・つづまる・つづめる・つづまやかpromise, approximately, shrink
組そ・くむ・くみ・ぐみassociation, braid, plait
経けい・きょう・きん・へるsutra, longitude, pass thru
給きゅう・たまう・たもう・たまえsalary, wage, gift
絵かい・えpicture, drawing, painting
絶ぜつ・たえる・たやす・たつdiscontinue, sever, cut off
続ぞく・しょく・こう・きょうcontinue, series, sequel
緒しょ・ちょ・お・いとぐちthong, beginning, inception
罪ざい・つみguilt, sin, crime
置ち・おく・おきplacement, put, set
美び・み・うつくしいbeauty, beautiful
老ろう・おいる・ふけるold man, old age, grow old
職しょく・そくpost, employment, work
育いく・そだつ・そだち・そだてるbring up, grow up, raise
背はい・せ・せい・そむくstature, height, back
能のう・よくability, talent, skill
腹ふく・はらabdomen, belly, stomach
舞ぶ・まう・まいdance, flit, circle
船せん・ふね・ふなship, boat
良りょう・よい・いいgood, pleasing, skilled
若じゃく・にゃく・にゃ・わかいyoung, if, perhaps
苦く・くるしい・ぐるしい・くるしむsuffering, trial, worry
草そう・くさ・ぐさgrass, weeds, herbs
落らく・おちる・おち・おとすfall, drop, come down
葉よう・はleaf, plane, lobe
術じゅつ・すべart, technique, skill
表ひょう・おもて・あらわす・あらわれるsurface, table, chart
要よう・いる・かなめneed, main point, essence
規きstandard, measure
覚かく・おぼえる・さます・さめるmemorize, learn, remember
観かん・みる・しめすoutlook, look, appearance
解かい・げ・とく・とかすunravel, notes, key
記き・しるすscribe, account, narrative
訪ほう・おとずれる・たずねる・とうcall on, visit, look up
許きょ・ゆるす・もとpermit, approve
認にん・みとめる・したためるacknowledge, witness, discern
誤ご・あやまるmistake, err, do wrong
調ちょう・しらべる・しらべ・ととのうtune, tone, meter
談だんdiscuss, talk
論ろんargument, discourse
識しき・しる・しるすdiscriminating, know, write
警けい・いましめるadmonish, commandment
議ぎdeliberation, consultation, debate
負ふ・まける・まかす・おうdefeat, negative, -
財ざい・さい・ぞく・たからproperty, money, wealth
貧ひん・びん・まずしいpoverty, poor
責せき・せめるblame, condemn, censure
費ひ・ついやす・ついえるexpense, cost, spend
資しassets, resources, capital
賛さん・たすける・たたえるapprove, praise, title or inscription on picture
越えつ・おつ・こす・ごしsurpass, cross over, move to
路ろ・る・じ・みちpath, route, road
辞じ・やめる・いなむresign, word, term
込こむ・こみ・こめるcrowded, mixture, in bulk
迎げい・むかえるwelcome, meet, greet
Kanji 301–341
KanjiReadingsMeaning
返へん・かえす・かえるreturn, answer, fade
迷めい・まようastray, be perplexed, in doubt
追つい・おうchase, drive away, follow
退たい・しりぞく・しりぞける・ひくretreat, withdraw, retire
逃とう・にげる・にがす・のがすescape, flee, shirk
途と・みちroute, way, road
速そく・はやい・はや・はやめるquick, fast
連れん・つらなる・つらねる・つれるtake along, lead, join
遅ち・おくれる・おくらす・おそいslow, late, back
遊ゆう・ゆ・あそぶ・あそばすplay
過か・すぎる・すぎ・すごすoverdo, exceed, go beyond
達たつ・だ・たちaccomplished, reach, arrive
違い・ちがう・ちがい・ちがえるdifference, differ
適てき・かなうsuitable, occasional, rare
選せん・えらぶelect, select, choose
部ぶ・べsection, bureau, dept
配はい・くばるdistribute, spouse, exile
酒しゅ・さけ・さかsake, alcohol
閉へい・とじる・とざす・しめるclosed, shut
関かん・せき・ぜき・かかわるconnection, barrier, gateway
降こう・ご・おりる・おろすdescend, precipitate, fall
限げん・かぎる・かぎりlimit, restrict, to best of ability
除じょ・じ・のぞく・よけexclude, division (x/3), remove
険けん・けわしいprecipitous, inaccessible place, impregnable position
陽よう・ひsunshine, yang principle, positive
際さい・きわ・ぎわoccasion, side, edge
雑ざつ・ぞう・まじえる・まじるmiscellaneous
難なん・かたい・がたい・むずかしいdifficult, impossible, trouble
雪せつ・ゆきsnow
静せい・じょう・しず・しずかquiet
非ひ・あらずun-, mistake, negative
面めん・べん・おも・おもてmask, face, features
靴か・くつshoes
頂ちょう・いただく・いただきplace on the head, receive, top of head
頼らい・たのむ・たのもしい・たよるtrust, request
願がん・ねがう・ねがいpetition, request, vow
類るい・たぐいsort, kind, variety
飛ひ・とぶ・とばすfly, skip (pages), scatter
馬ば・うま・まhorse
髪はつ・かみhair of the head
鳴めい・なく・なる・ならすchirp, cry, bark